Course info

 Hair care

Hair is probably one of the things you might notice about people when meeting for the first time. Beautiful and shiny hair always make a good impression, that will make you more confident. For men and women, hair care is a very important daily hygiene habit. No one wants their hair to be loose, dry and unhealthy, taking care of your hair is as important as any other part of the body. Genetic susceptibility can also cause harmful effects, but healthy living may prevent adverse conditions like alopecia. Genetics, hormones and diet are the real factors that affect the speed of hair growth. If possible, can use hair treatments at least once week to nourishes the scalp. Anyway, the goal of the hair care is healthy, beautiful and shiny hair. we are most concern problems of the hair and scalp is alopecia, infections, and disorders causing itching and scaling.

 

Dandruff

Dandruff is one of the most common skin conditions. a harmless, non-inflammatory skin condition that affects the scalp, it is a disorders it will causing itching and scaling, can develop at any age. It really isn't about your hair, or how often you wash it. Instead, it's about the skin on your scalp, will embarrassing and unconfident. Dandruff is divided into dry and wet two types. Dry scalp mostly occurs in the winters when the dry weather soak up the natural oil from the scalp. Oily dandruff occurs when the scalp glands secrete excess sebum that accumulates on the scalp along with greasy hair and scalp. Skin cells that grow and die off too fast. Exactly why that happens isn't clear. A very common fungus may contribute to dandruff it called malassezia. This fungus lives on the scalp of most healthy adults and does not cause any problems. The immune system of someone with dandruff may overreact to that fungus

 

Scaly scalp are the main symptoms of dandruff. Will see the white flakes are the dead skin cells on the scalp, usually visible on hair or shoulders and clothes. frequent itching around the hairline or temples; It may redness, because continuous itching or irritation; For dry scalp will always feeling dryness on the scalp; In contrast, for wet scalp because excessive production of sebum in the scalp causes greasy hair and scalp.

 

One severe form of dandruff called seborrheic dermatitis. Some people with dandruff may also have seborrheic dermatitis in other areas of the body, such as their ears, the center of the face and the chest, it is a skin condition caused by the yeast called Malassezia, it will aggravate the growth of the scalp and lead to excessive skin cell growth. It causes scaly, itchy and red patches on skin on scalp, face and other areas of the body and greasy scalp that leads to oily dandruff. Although Malassezia will not be introduced to your scalp by stress, it can thrive if your immune system is compromised, exactly what stress does to your body, so need to relax. Washing hair helps clean dirt and excess oil that accumulates on the scalp. If you irregular washing of hair can lead to hair damage and conditions like dandruff; Dandruff may also get worse when you're sick and cold weather, because dry winters is trigger dandruff or make it, so often get worse during the fall and winter months; Men develop dandruff more frequently than women. People who tend to have oilier hair or live with certain illnesses (such as Parkinson’s disease or HIV) are also at higher risk.

 

When you notice that you need to treat dandruff, can use an anti-dandruff shampoo to treat dandruff. You may be able to get some relief by using OTC shampoos that are formulated to help with dandruff. look for all shampoos that contain one of the following ingredients, not all shampoos are the same.

 

1.     Zinc pyrithione which is antibacterial, antifungal and antimicrobial, it is meaning it can kill bacterial, fungi and microbial, although dandruff is not caused by fungi, but it can still slow down the production of excess skin cells and contribute to an itchy and scalp. It should only be used topically, if you swallow it, Consult a doctor immediately.

 

2.     Salicylic acid which works in shampoo by breaking down dead skin cells, so it can be used to treat dandruff. It is safe for most users, but it can cause irritation in some people, it can leave your scalp dry and redness. however. If you find that your scalp is particularly dry, you can use moisturizing conditioner. You should seek immediate medical help if you experience of the red rash and breathing difficulties.

3.     Selenium sulphide is an anti-infective drug. It can slow your skin cells from dying and also slowing the growth of malassezia, to reduces itching, flaking, irritation, and redness of the scalp. side effects included skin irritation, dry skin, oily or dry hair and scalp, or temporary hair loss, hair discoloration may occur and can be reduced by carefully rinsing the hair thoroughly after each treatment. A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare.

 

4.     Ketoconazole is a broad-spectrum antifungal, you can find this type of shampoo OTC or by prescription, it have some side effects that you should be aware of before using it. One of the most common is skin irritation, which can take the form of pimple-like bumps where it’s used, allergic reactions to ketoconazole shampoo are also extremely rare.

 

5.     Coal tar it can ease conditions from dandruff by slowing how quickly your scalp’s skin cells die and flake off, decreases scaling and dryness, and also decrease itchiness from these skin conditions. it may be irritation or staining of hair may also occur, long-term use of it can cause hair follicle problems.

 

A dry scalp tends to flake and itchy, try to restoring moisture to the scalp can help with itchiness. Oil can helps moisturize the scalp naturally and prevents dryness. Such as herbal oil is very effective in treating dry dandruff. and also coconut oil, tea tree oil, almond oil and neem oil to massage your scalp. avoid washing hair every day as it dries up the natural oil in your scalp. dryness will lead scalp causes dandruff and itching and hair fall. For oily dandruff, it is necessary to wash your hair at least twice a week with herbal shampoo to keep clean and healthy. Dandruff isn’t the only reason you may have an itchy scalp. If your dandruff is particularly stubborn or itchy, may have eczema or a true fungal infection.

 

Hair loss

  Hair loss also called alopecia, it is another one of the most common problem of hair that can happen to anyone. Hair loss is a frequent concern for both men and women, it is normal to lose hair, we can lose between 50 and 100 hairs a day, and often unnoticed. People who experience more than normal hair loss may have the inherited tendency to "common baldness." Some types of hair loss are permanent, included male and female pattern baldness. Male pattern baldness is the most common cause of hair loss in men, with a receding hair line and baldness on the top of the head. Female pattern baldness in which the hair becomes thin over the entire scalp, if you can see your scalp through your hair, it means your hair is getting thinner.

 

Sudden and temporary loss of a large amount of hair may be related to the stress of an illness or recent delivery of a baby, it is common for women to experience hair fall during pregnancy, menopause, and menstruation, because of the periods when hormones change; androgenic alopecia, male-pattern baldness, and female-pattern baldness may occur due to aging; Certain diseases (e.g. thyroid problems and lupus); Medicines, or poor nutrition lacking in vitamins and minerals may also cause permanent or temporary hair loss; Of course Sleepy inadequate, smoking, and excessive consumption of alcohol can affect result in hair loss.

 

In fact most hair loss does not need treatment, such as temporary hair loss, aging, some hair loss caused by a medical condition. Treatment may just help with some types of hair loss. Medications will be the first course of treatment for hair loss. The most common products contain an ingredient called minoxidil. Provides moderate hair regrowth in the bald scalp area. It acts on hair follicles, reversing the contraction process, thereby stimulating new hair growth. The effect is best for younger people who have just begun to show signs of baldness or have small bald patches. The medication that is applied to balding spots twice a day and must be continued indefinitely, if the application is stopped hair loss will recurrence. It's side effects include scalp irritation and hair growth in adjacent areas, such as your forehead or face.

 

Finasteride is a prescription medications may also used for treat male-pattern baldness hair loss. You take this medication daily to slow hair loss. It can blocking the formation of the male hormones in the skin that can cause hair loss, so that will have new hair growth when taking finasteride.  Rare side effects of finasteride include diminished sex drive and impaired sexual function. There may be a link between the use of finasteride and a more serious type of prostate cancer. Can't be used by women of childbearing potential because the drug can cause birth defects. Also, it may not be effective in older women.

 

Corticosteroids Individuals with alopecia areata can use for reduce inflammation and suppress the immune system. but corticosteroid use may also put you at higher risk for the infections, calcium loss from bones, which may lead to osteoporosis, thin skin and easy bruising. Sometimes, medications are not enough to stop hair loss. Some surgical procedures can be added to treat baldness. Such as, hair transplant surgery involves moving small plugs of skin, each with a few hairs, to bald parts of your scalp, but need multiple surgeries over time.

 

Dandruff and hair loss is the most common hair problem. For many people, their hair is an important part of who they are. If you have any problems of hair is causing you distress, doctor and pharmacist may be able to help you get some advices. Frequent shampooing can reduce oil, thereby helping to resolve the symptoms of dandruff. While you are shampooing, be careful not to scratch the scalp.  Itching is initially caused by irritation caused by dandruff, but scratching will increase irritation and lead to a vicious circle. Try eliminating anything extra from your personal care routine and adding back in slowly to discover which gels, sprays, and other products don’t make your symptoms worse. Practice good hygiene and stop scratching!

 

Maintaining a healthy head starts with daily hair care. Everyone’s hair quality is different, and the hair care that needs to be used is also different. For example: If your scalp is kind of dry and flaky can choose an effective anti-dandruff shampoo; For dry and dull hair, you can also use high penetrating conditioners; Although, applying the product may not be enough, you always want to make sure to washed regularly, trim it neatly, especially the common tip with split ends. If you, suffer from hair loss, it is best to use baby shampoos, they do not contain strong chemicals that can harm your scalp or hair. Also, be gentle when you comb your hair, brushing too hard can cause broken and damaged hair. Also whenever possible, avoid using hair drier or curling. because heat exposure will damages hair. Also, avoid frequent hair coloring. Chemicals in hair dye are strong and harmful for your hair.

 

Healthy Diet, not too extreme dieting, Vitamin and mineral deficiencies might present some of hair problems. The best option is to consume a balanced diet. Fish oil which can reduces inflammation that's responsible for hair loss and nourishes the scalp; Zinc encourages healthy the hair follicles, which supports recovery from hair thinning or hair loss. Iron and Vitamin D deficiency is cause of hair loss.

 

The most important things is always Happy, stress is one of main culprits that causes hair loss in women. Your mental being is of utmost importance for overall physical health. Thus, be happy!

 

 

Reference

1.     Common Hair Problems, skinsight, 2006 – 2021 VisualDx.

2.     Hair loss, NHS, 2021.

3.     Dandruff, WebMD, 2005 – 2021 WebMD LLC.

4.     Dandruff: what your itchyscalp is trying to tell you, Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company., 2005 - 2021.